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		<item>
		<title>fstab, boot, mount and STP: a big challenge to solve</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2011/12/16/mount-fstab-and-switch-stp-a-big-challenge-to-solve/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2011/12/16/mount-fstab-and-switch-stp-a-big-challenge-to-solve/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 16 Dec 2011 16:33:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[boot]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[boot mount error]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fstab]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fstab at boot]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fstab mount error]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mount]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mount at boot]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stp]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/?p=244</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[mount fstab auto boot time wont work, mount error 113, no route to host, mount -a works without problems but fstab cannot mount at boot time<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=244&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Last week I have to fight with this problem:<strong> my host cannot mount by fstab at boot time but it mounts without problem after login by mount -a</strong>.<br />
Syslog reports this error:</p>
<pre>mount error 113 = No route to host
Refer to the mount.cifs(8) manual page (e.g.man mount.cifs)</pre>
<p>Online you can find too many posts about that error:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>fstab not mounting my cifs, I have to manually call mount -a</em></li>
<li><em>unable to mount cifs (windows) partition through fstab</em></li>
<li><em>cifs not mounting on boot</em></li>
<li><em>&#8230;</em></li>
</ul>
<p>In fact, it just reports that your host cannot contact your share-server ip.<br />
And so we are going to troubleshoot&#8230;</p>
<p><strong>1) Networking problem on host</strong></p>
<p>Of course we focus on networking configuration of host:<em> what&#8217;s the difference between manually call mount -a and fstab</em>? When you manually mount, your network interface it&#8217;s already up (and you can easly test it with a ping to your server). <em>But what about boot time?</em><br />
Just look a /var/log/syslog and see what happens before your<em> mount error</em> alerts.<br />
If your network configuration (/etc/network/interfaces or NetworkManager with &#8220;all users&#8221; automatic connection) it&#8217;s ok you can see something like &#8220;eth0 up&#8221;, &#8220;link up&#8221;, &#8220;eth0 ready&#8221; <em>before mount errors</em>! It seems ok!<br />
To be sure, your can also use a fixed ip, but the problem remains!<br />
My host use a fixed ip and syslog reports that my interface (eth0) it&#8217;s up before mount try to contact the remote server! WTF!?!? It use a fixed ip. It has eth0 up. Network setup it&#8217;s ok. This can make you(&amp;me) crazy!</p>
<p><strong>2) Networking problem on cable (bottom/physical layer)</strong></p>
<p>If your network configuration is ok and up at mount time where is that fu**ing problem!? You can have a problem like this if you use a static ip address, a permanent up interface (without hotplug) but your cable is not connected. But your cable it&#8217;s just connected!!!<br />
You can think that a mystical problem involves your packets but it&#8217;s strange that it happens only at boot time, after boot all is working fine!<br />
As usual by IT, nothing is mystical: put your network tester in the closet.</p>
<p><strong>3) No problem on host, no problem on cable, what&#8217;s next? Switch!</strong></p>
<p><strong></strong>Modern switches uses the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanning_Tree_Protocol">STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)</a> on all ports by default to prevent bridge loops and the broadcast radiation.<br />
When a device is first attached to a switch (STP enabled) port, it will not immediately start to forward data. It will instead go through a number of states while it determines the topology of the network. When a host is attached such as a computer, printer or server the port will always go into the forwarding state, albeit after a delay of about 30 seconds while it goes through the listening and learning states. Bingo!<br />
Our interface it&#8217;s up and its configuration is ok but our switch don&#8217;t forward our host&#8217;s packets for about 30 seconds and so <em>we cannot mount by fstab at boot</em>!</p>
<p><strong>4) Solution</strong></p>
<p>A switch with STP is probably managed and your can configure STP properties.<br />
My switch is able to disable STP globally or on a specific port.<br />
Because STP is completely useless for a generic host (and only wasted my time) I have turn STP off on port of host. You can do so safely.<br />
If you cannot turn off STP by port your can disable it globally but be sure that you don&#8217;t need it (or booommm).<br />
If you cannot turn off STP on your switch (globally or by port) you can lower the &#8220;hello time&#8221; STP param to 1 (default is 2) but this can only reduce the listening/learning time (your host may always try to mount before).<br />
If you dont want to turn off STP (or you can&#8217;t) you can remove the &#8220;auto&#8221; option from fstab and put a mount command like <em>sleep 30 &amp;&amp; mount /mnt/myshare &amp;</em> in your /etc/rc.local (sleep ensures that your mount happens after 30 seconds when your STP switch port starts to forward).</p>
<p>Happy hacking!!!</p>
<p>Note: 30 seconds it&#8217;s just an indication, STP can take usually 30 to 50 seconds to respond to a topology change. If your switch uses  RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) it&#8217;s typically able to respond to changes within 3 × Hello times (default: 3 times 2 seconds).</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Debian 6.0 (squeeze) and Xerox Unified Driver v. 7-15</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2011/08/09/debian-6-0-squeeze-and-xerox-unified-driver-v-7-15/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2011/08/09/debian-6-0-squeeze-and-xerox-unified-driver-v-7-15/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Aug 2011 13:45:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debian 6.0]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debian squeeze]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[smfpd]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unified driver]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[xerox]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/?p=230</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Xerox Unified Driver smfpd missing LSB tags and overrides cause a loop for insserv in Debian 6.0 Squeeze (currently not officially supported)<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=230&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Xerox Unified Driver works very well and you can install it without any problem from console or by the X (gui) wizard. At the moment it doesn&#8217;t support officialy Debian 6.0 (it supports old Debian 3.1, 4.0, 5.0 32/64bit) so this isn&#8217;t a real bug in fact but it can be a problem if you use squeeze.</p>
<pre>insserv: warning: script 'K07smfpd' missing LSB tags and overrides
insserv: warning: script 'smfpd' missing LSB tags and overrides
insserv: There is a loop at service rmnologin if started
insserv: There is a loop between service rmnologin and mountnfs if started
insserv:  loop involving service mountnfs at depth 6
insserv:  loop involving service nfs-common at depth 5
insserv: There is a loop between service rmnologin and checkroot if started
insserv:  loop involving service checkroot at depth 3
insserv:  loop involving service mountdevsubfs at depth 2
insserv: Starting smfpd depends on rmnologin and therefore on system facility `$all' which can not be true!
(...)
insserv: Starting smfpd depends on rmnologin and therefore on system facility `$all' which can not be true!
insserv: Max recursions depth 99 reached
insserv:  loop involving service portmap at depth 4
insserv: There is a loop between service rmnologin and pcmcia if started
insserv:  loop involving service pcmcia at depth 2
insserv:  loop involving service udev at depth 1
insserv:  loop involving service module-init-tools at depth 4
insserv:  loop involving service mountnfs-bootclean at depth 8
insserv:  loop involving service exim4 at depth 8
insserv: There is a loop between service rmnologin and mountoverflowtmp if started
insserv:  loop involving service mountoverflowtmp at depth 3
insserv:  loop involving service mountall-bootclean at depth 2
insserv:  loop involving service avahi at depth 8
insserv: There is a loop between service rmnologin and ifupdown if started
insserv:  loop involving service ifupdown at depth 5
insserv:  loop involving service ifupdown-clean at depth 4
insserv:  loop involving service fuse at depth 11
insserv:  loop involving service networking at depth 7
insserv:  loop involving service mountall at depth 5
insserv:  loop involving service checkfs at depth 4
insserv: There is a loop between service rmnologin and ifupdown-clean if started
insserv: There is a loop at service smfpd if started
insserv:  loop involving service smfpd at depth 1
insserv:  loop involving service hwclockfirst at depth 4
insserv:  loop involving service hostname at depth 5
insserv: There is a loop between service rmnologin and mountall if started
insserv:  loop involving service mtab at depth 7
insserv: exiting now without changing boot order!
update-rc.d: error: insserv rejected the script header</pre>
<p>To solve this problem you can:</p>
<ol>
<li><del>uninstall Xerox Unified Driver, update your system or install your software and then reinstall the Xerox driver</del></li>
<li><del>&#8220;If your MFP device is not connected to LPT port, you can safely disable execution of this script&#8221; so remove /etc/init.d/smfpd (and its symlinks) from your init.d and rc.X folders</del></li>
<li><strong>Recommended</strong>: &#8220;LSBize&#8221; the init script to fix the problem (http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts). Add these lines to your /etc/init.d/smfpd (at EOF is ok because position is not important, so you can also use a combo of cat /patch &gt;&gt; /etc/init.d/smfpd if you want to fix it automatically)
<pre>### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          smfpd
# Required-Start:    $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Xerox Unified Linux Driver LPT Support daemon
# Description:       Enable support for LPT port service provided by Xerox Unified Linux Driver package.
### END INIT INFO</pre>
</li>
</ol>
<p>And just request support for Debian 6.0 <img src='http://s1.wp.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>update 2011-08-12: there is another minor bug in install.sh at line 1187 because &#8211;reload_rules is wrong, change it to &#8211;reload-rules</p>
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		<slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
	
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		<title>How-to Install Debian 6.0 (squeeze) Linux on HP 620 notebook</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2011/08/05/how-to-install-debian-6-0-squeeze-linux-on-hp-620-notebook/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2011/08/05/how-to-install-debian-6-0-squeeze-linux-on-hp-620-notebook/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2011 16:15:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debian]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debian 6.0]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hp620]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux notebook]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[squeeze]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/?p=233</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[HP 620 Linux Debian Squeeze How-to<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=233&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>HP 620. It&#8217;s a great notebook for business. Hp620 is not the best about performance but it&#8217;s fast &#8211; really fast! with linux &#8211; and it&#8217;s ok with it&#8217;s easy and clean design. Its hardware is very good (almost everything is manufactured by Intel) and it&#8217;s cheap!</p>
<p>Above all, you can also buy it pre-installed with Linux (Suse Enterprise Desktop)!</p>
<p>If you want Debian just install Debian 6.0 (Squeeze) with Desktop System, Notebook and Basic System files.<br />
After installation run these commands from shell (as root).</p>
<pre>
cd ~
mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.original
touch /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://ftp.it.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main contrib non-free" &gt;&gt; /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://ftp.it.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main contrib non-free" &gt;&gt; /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://ftp.it.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-updates main contrib non-free" &gt;&gt; /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://ftp.it.debian.org/debian/ squeeze-updates main contrib non-free" &gt;&gt; /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib" &gt;&gt; /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib" &gt;&gt; /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get update
apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree icedove icedove-l10n-it ntp wireless-tools
apt-get --yes install linux-headers-2.6-686 build-essential module-assistant pulseaudio firmware-ralink
m-a update &amp;&amp; m-a prepare
m-a a-i -t alsa-source
echo "acpiphp" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "ata_piix" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "cfg80211" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "iTCO_vendor_support" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "iTCO_wdt" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "pci_hotplug" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "rt3090sta" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "snd_mixer_oss" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "snd_pcm_oss" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "speedstep_lib" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "tpm" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "tpm_bios" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "tpm_tis" &gt;&gt; /etc/modules
echo "auto lo" &gt; /etc/network/interfaces
echo "iface lo inet loopback" &gt;&gt; /etc/network/interfaces
echo "allow-hotplug eth0" &gt;&gt; /etc/network/interfaces
</pre>
<p>Now you have a perfect business laptop with browser (firefox/iceweasel), email client (thunderbird/icedove) and openoffice (and whatever you want to install).</p>
<p>All hardware now works very well without any problem.<br />
Enjoy.</p>
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		<title>Incendio Sala UPS Aruba DOWN &#8211; Tempi di ripristino</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2011/04/29/incendio-sala-ups-aruba-down-tempi-di-ripristino/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2011/04/29/incendio-sala-ups-aruba-down-tempi-di-ripristino/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Apr 2011 08:17:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[1]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aruba]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aruba down]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aruba non raggiungibile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aruba spa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[datacenter aruba]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[down]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[downtime aruba]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fire]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[incendio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[recovery aruba]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ripristino aruba]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[server down]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sito down]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/?p=222</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Incendio Sala UPS Aruba DOWN - Tempi di ripristino <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=222&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Purtroppo la sala batterie di <strong>Aruba</strong> ha subito un principio di <strong>incendio</strong> e per questo tutti i servizi sono stati disattivati <del>(<em>Aruba e tutti i servizi collegati sono down</em>)</del>. Secondo le loggate del mio server in housing su <strong>Aruba</strong> il down è iniziato alle 4.39 circa.</p>
<p>Poco fa sono riuscito a mettermi in contatto con il team di Aruba <del>che attualmente risulta down</del>.<br />
Hanno confermato i primi interventi tecnici specializzati nel primo pomeriggio ed il conseguente graduale riavvio dei servizi nella nottata.</p>
<p>Il canale &#8220;ufficiale&#8221; di Aruba per avere informazioni aggiornate:</p>
<p><a href="http://twitter.com/#!/arubait">http://twitter.com/#!/arubait</a></p>
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		<title>Wikileaks and Cloud computing</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/12/09/wikileaks-and-cloud-computing/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/12/09/wikileaks-and-cloud-computing/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Dec 2010 22:31:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cloud computing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wikileaks]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/?p=213</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[What do you think about WikiLeaks doesn&#8217;t matter. Think about the future. Your browser will be on a cloud. The sun will shine suddenly.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=213&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What do you think about WikiLeaks doesn&#8217;t matter.<br />
Think about the future. Your browser will be on a cloud.<br />
The sun will shine suddenly.</p>
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		<title>How-to convert an existing partition/disk in an image to virtualize it in linux qemu/kvm</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/07/16/how-to-convert-an-existing-partitiondisk-in-an-image-to-virtualize-it-in-linux-qemukvm/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/07/16/how-to-convert-an-existing-partitiondisk-in-an-image-to-virtualize-it-in-linux-qemukvm/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 16 Jul 2010 21:16:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[convert disk in image for kvm qemu]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kvm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kvm image]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux partition to kvm image]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[qemu]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[virtualization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[windows partition to kvm image]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/?p=198</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[How-to convert an existing partition / disk in an image to virtualize it in linux qemu / kvm<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=198&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi!<br />
Yes, you can.<br />
You can virtualize an existing windows/linux installation with qemu / kvm.<br />
This isn&#8217;t a real news but here I write a very basic/fast tutorial.</p>
<p><a href="http://sviluppoweb.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/kvmbanner-logo2.png"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-201" title="kvmbanner-logo2" src="http://sviluppoweb.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/kvmbanner-logo2.png?w=450" alt=""   /></a></p>
<p>Basically you have to choose between:</p>
<ul>
<li> use your linux/windows hd by moving it to your kvm host server</li>
<li> convert your linux/windows to a kvm image (qcow2, row, ecc.) and run it on your kvm host server</li>
</ul>
<blockquote style="background:#f4f4f4;padding:10px;"><p>Important note &#8211; 25/01/2011<br />
Please note that when you virtualize a disk inside kvm, as we do in this tutorial, its OS find a new hardware configuration (fake/virtualized by kvm). This maybe a problem just because some operating systems (especially windows) doesn&#8217;t like that situation and panics with blue screen at boot &amp; co©. To avoid this kind of problems make sure to uninstall specific drivers from your sorce disk OS before generate your image (especially windows!). Especially for windows (!!!) ensure to uninstall the IDE/SATA controller driver and replace it with general/universal driver. I have no problems like that to report for Linux os.</p></blockquote>
<p>For the first choice the answer is simple: just use kvm&#8217;s -hda (or -drive) argument and point to your disk. Kvm and qemu can use a real hd without problems.</p>
<p>In order to convert an existing partition/disk to a qemu / kvm image (second choice) you have to follow these steps:</p>
<ul>
<li>shutdown your linux/windows machine and reboot from cd with a live distro (use <a href="http://www.sysresccd.org/">SystemRescueCd</a> to follow this tutorial)</li>
<li>create a new folder to mount the image destination folder, it can&#8217;t be on our machine disk&#8230; we have to create our new kvm/qemu image from it!<br />
<em>mkdir /mnt/image-dest</em></li>
<li>mount a remote samba partition with cifs in your destination folder (<em>mount -t cifs //192.168.1.x/your-samba-share-name</em>) or mount an usb drive, or a nfs partition, or your smartphone, that doesn&#8217;t matter! <img src='http://s0.wp.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' />  You only need to transfer your windows/linux disk image to your qemu / kvm host.</li>
<li>umount your windows/linux partitions if one is mounted for any reason</li>
<li>create your disk raw image with dd from winows/linux disk; note that you have to copy ALL disk, not only a single partition. For example, if you have 3 partitions (/boot hda1 / hda2 and swap hda3) you have to use dd on your disk device, not on partitions. Wrong: dd if=/dev/hda1. Correct: dd if=/dev/hda. Please note that with dd you can kill your cat, burn your sister and immediately join <a href="//www.ilpopolodellaliberta.it/">Forza Italia</a>. Use it with care!<br />
<em>dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/image-dest/kvm-image.raw</em></li>
<li>fire up your kvm raw image: this may vary based on your source machine hardware configuration, if you have problems with missing partitions errors on your guest os boot phase just look at kvm / qemu -drive options (<em>man kvm</em>);<br />
<em>kvm -drive file=/path/to/your/kvm-image.raw format=raw media=disk</em></li>
<li>optionally convert your raw image to other formats with kvm-img</li>
</ul>
<p>Note that this process can be slow if your source disk is very large, in that case I think you can use a tool like parted to reduce partitions size and then copy only used disk space with a combo of dd&#8217;s ibs and count (untested).</p>
<p>Happy virtualization to you <img src='http://s0.wp.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
	
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		<title>debian, grub-pc and /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: unknown filesystem.</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/02/05/debian-grub-pc-and-usrsbingrub-probe-error-unknown-filesystem/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/02/05/debian-grub-pc-and-usrsbingrub-probe-error-unknown-filesystem/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Feb 2010 21:37:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debian]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[error]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[grub-pc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unknown filesystem]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/02/05/debian-grub-pc-and-usrsbingrub-probe-error-unknown-filesystem/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[debian sid, grub-pc 1.98~20100128-1 and /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: unknown filesystem.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=193&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>apt-get dist-upgrade and&#8230; BOOM!!!</p>
<blockquote><p>
Configurazione di grub-pc (1.98~20100128-1)&#8230;<br />
/usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: unknown filesystem.<br />
Auto-detection of a filesystem module failed.<br />
Please specify the module with the option `&#8211;modules&#8217; explicitly.<br />
Generating grub.cfg &#8230;<br />
/usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: unknown filesystem.<br />
dpkg: errore nell&#8217;elaborare grub-pc (&#8211;configure):
</p></blockquote>
<p>Not good.</p>
<p><a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=567618">Bug Report</a> and my solution, downgrade to 1.98~20100115-1:</p>
<blockquote><p>apt-get install grub-common= grub-pc=1.98~20100115-1 grub2=1.98~20100115-1<br />
(&#8230;)<br />
Installation finished. No error reported.</p></blockquote>
<p>Have a nice day!</p>
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		<title>sphinx and WARNING: DOCID_MAX document_id, skipping</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/01/23/sphinx-and-warning-docid_max-document_id-skipping/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/01/23/sphinx-and-warning-docid_max-document_id-skipping/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Jan 2010 17:10:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ruby on Rails]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Web development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DOCID_MAX]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sphinx]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ultrashinx]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/?p=189</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[sphinx and WARNING: DOCID_MAX document_id, skipping<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=189&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This error seems to wake-up with large ids &gt;100.000.000 (like Ruby On Rails fixtures sys does).<br />
Ok, like <a href="http://somegreattechname.blogspot.com/2010/01/sphinx-and-big-integers.html">Piotr Jasiulewicz</a> says this error appears because the sphinx was built without the &#8211;enable-id64 option.</p>
<p>Let&#8217;s go to solve this problem in Debian (note: I assume you use mysql, if not you have to change some dependencies packages).</p>
<p>Move to your preferred source folder (for example ~/src) or create it. Move to root user with su.<br />
Download debian&#8217;s sphinxsearch sources:</p>
<p>#apt-get source sphinxsearch</p>
<p>Give permissions to your user on sphinxsearch files.</p>
<p>#chown -R youruser:youruser sphinxsearch*</p>
<p>Install mysql dev packages:</p>
<p>#apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev libmysqld-dev</p>
<p>Exit from root and return to your user. Enter in source folder of sphinxsearch (may vary with versions), configure with proper flags and make.</p>
<p>#exit<br />
$cd sphinxsearch-0.9.9<br />
$./configure &#8211;enable-id64<br />
$make</p>
<p>Please note that pgsql is disabled by default and you should take a look at configure options (./configure &#8211;help) to see if you need others options, I don&#8217;t (except for libstemmer but I ignore this here).</p>
<p>Ok. If all was ok at make/compile time you can move on installation.</p>
<p>Move to root user with su (uninstall debian sphinx package if needed) and install.</p>
<p>#apt-get remove sphinxsearch<br />
#make install</p>
<p>That&#8217;s all. Happy Sphinx On Ruby On Rails with fixtures <img src='http://s0.wp.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<title>Sui virus informatici, e sulla sicurezza&#8230;</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/01/19/sui-virus-informatici-e-sulla-sicurezza/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 18 Jan 2010 23:11:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[C&#039;e&#039; posta per te]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sicurezza informatica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[virus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[windows]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/?p=92</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Vengo da una discussione fresca fresca nata a proposito dei classici annunci di nuovi virus in circolazione, pericoli abissali per gli utenti, qualcuno dice addirittura che un virus informatico ha ucciso la sua famiglia&#8230; Quando leggo questo genere di articoli sono pervaso da un senso di nausea, non tanto perchè i virus esistono, ma piuttosto [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=92&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vengo da una discussione fresca fresca nata a proposito dei classici annunci di nuovi virus in circolazione, pericoli abissali per gli utenti, qualcuno dice addirittura che un virus informatico ha ucciso la sua famiglia&#8230;</p>
<p>Quando leggo questo genere di articoli sono pervaso da un senso di nausea, non tanto perchè i virus esistono, ma piuttosto perchè oramai sembra che l&#8217;informatica non possa esistere senza di loro. A volte dico che uso lo stesso sistema operativo da 10 anni e non ho mai preso un virus&#8230; qualcuno mi guarda come se fossi un alieno, fa un passo indietro e mi dice &#8220;allora sei tu che li crei!! sei un hacker!!&#8221;, qualcuno ha quasi profetizzato che io fossi il nuovo messia&#8230;</p>
<p><span id="more-92"></span></p>
<p>Ma in verità non c&#8217;è nessun trucco, nessun inganno e sicuramente non sono il nuovo messia. Certo uso i calcolatori informatici da molto e per molto tempo, ma la spiegazione non è questa.<br />
Uso un sistema operativo differente, che si chiama Linux, in alternativa al classico Windows che tutti conoscono.<br />
Io utilizzo Linux (di cui esistono molte varianti) ma esistono anche altri degni sostituti e ci tengo a precisarlo.</p>
<p>Che cosa accomuna questi sistemi operativi? Li accomuna il fatto di non permanere da decenni in stato di monopolio ed alcuni antichi/mitici predecessori. Molti di questi sistemi operativi alternativi, hanno per altro un vantaggio ulteriore. Sono gratuiti! E lo sono per davvero. Non ci sono trucchi e non ci sono inganni. Sono sviluppati da appassionati di informatica &#8211; ma non immaginate il ragazzetto con l&#8217;acne della porta accanto &#8211; questi signori sono gli stessi che rivestono ruoli importantissimi e vengono pagati profumatamente quando dalle 9.00 alle 19.00 escono con l&#8217;auto di qualche famosa azienda informatica.</p>
<p>Ma dicendo che Windows si paga, non voglio certo affermare che sia un cattivo ragazzo.</p>
<p>Windows è buono, vi vuole bene. Quando andate al centro commerciale non avete scelta,  di fatto se volete un pc dovete comperare anche lui &#8211; e benchè il suo costo non sia scorporato dal prezzo del pc e non ci sia modo di conoscerlo, dovrete pagarlo. Ma questo non è l&#8217;unico modo per pagare Windows. Se pagate anche solo un briciolo di tasse, state già pagando Windows anche se non avete un computer. Eggià, lo pagate, perchè la maggior parte dei sistemi informatici delle istituzioni utilizzano Windows e noi paghiamo le sue licenze. Partite dal vostro comune, dalla polizia municipale, alla biblioteca, quanti computer di proprietà dello stato ci saranno più o meno? Estendete le vostre considerazioni su scala statale (tutte le amministrazioni, incluse le amministrazioni centrali, le regioni, province e comuni, la sanità, &#8230;) e pensate ad una cifra, poi proseguite con la lettura.<br />
Riporto una parte di <a href="http://www.ilgiornaledegliautori.it/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=39&amp;Itemid=2">articolo</a> che parla dell&#8217;<a href="http://www.microsoft.com/italy/licenze/soluzioni/ea_pa/accordopa.mspx#EVB">accordo tra CNIPA e Microsoft</a>.</p>
<blockquote><p>Secondo il piano triennale predisposto da CNIPA per il triennio 2007 – 2009, la previsione di spesa legata al fabbisogno ICT della P.A. Italiana ammonta a <strong>2,254 miliardi di Euro</strong>.<br />
La maggior voce di spesa, pari a circa il 33% del totale, è costituita dall’acquisto e manutenzione del software applicativo, per <strong>675 milioni di Euro</strong>.<br />
Se pensiamo che, ad esempio, tutto il mercato italiano dell’Home Entertainment, ovvero la somma di <em>tutti</em> i supporti fonografici, DVD e video cassette vendute a privati, vale circa 1.300 Milioni di Euro l’anno e che il complesso del mercato discografico vale circa 300 Milioni di Euro, ci rendiamo conto della rilevanza delle cifre in gioco.</p></blockquote>
<p>Dopo averlo considerato, lasciamo l&#8217;aspetto economico. D&#8217;altra parte i soldi non sono mai un problema, vero?<br />
Passiamo piuttosto or ora ad altri aspetti.</p>
<p>I difensori del mondo Microsoft/Windows sostengono l&#8217;inapplicabilità dei sistemi operativi alternativi all&#8217;utente medio (per dirla tutta la cultura informatica scarseggia, è inutile nasconderlo) ma molti, me compreso, non sono dello stesso avviso.</p>
<p>Senza scendere in tecnicismi astrusi, tutto si può dire, fuorchè Windows sia semplice da utilizzare. Esistono sistemi operativi molto più semplici, funzionali ed intuitivi, cito a tal esempio i prodotti di casa Apple. Anche molti software di Linux possono candidarsi senza indugi alla sfida. Non possiamo dire che Windows sia più semplice di altri sistemi. Possiamo invece dire, e questo con assoluta certezza, che per via del monopolio <em>de facto</em> di cui parlavamo in precedenza, molti hanno imparato ad utilizzarlo &#8211; più per costrizione che per una libera scelta.<br />
Partendo da questi presupposti possiamo affermare che per le nuove generazioni imparare ad utilizzare un prodotto piuttosto che un altro non farebbe alcuna differenza, in quanto a sforzi di apprendimento, anche se sicuramente varierebbero i risultati. A chi ha già imparato Windows invece, sarebbe richiesto di compiere un ulteriore sforzo, ma il progresso passa anche da qui. Niente sforzi = nessun progresso. Questo è poco, ma è sicuro.</p>
<p>Considerato l&#8217;utilizzo medio che si fa di un personal computer, per la maggior parte degli utenti, Linux è già semplicissimo  e non è necessario un guru per utilizzarlo. Ed è altrettanto vero che la maggior parte degli utenti non necessita di installare, modificare, rimuovere il sistema operativo (si rivolgono già ad un tecnico per queste operazioni). La maggior parte degli utenti chiede semplicemente che il computer permetta di svolgere le classiche attività di navigazione, posta elettronica, giochi, musica, filmati, documenti di testo, qualche foglio elettronico e fotoritocco in maniera affidabile e concreta (vedi il successo dell&#8217;iPhone). I sistemi alternativi svolgono già tutte queste funzioni (e molte altre) offrendo software libero e gratuito, mentre per Windows quasi sempre esistono solo dei software commerciali equivalenti (gardacaso la suite Office è sempre Microsoft) che vengono spesso spinti nel mercato con tecniche contestabili (vedi le varie sanzioni combinate dall&#8217;anti-trust europea).</p>
<p>Sulla base delle precedenti considerazioni, andiamo a scoprire qual è l&#8217;unico vero problema inerente i sistemi operativi alternativi per l&#8217;utente classico: i famosi <em>driver</em>.<br />
Qualcuno si chiede &#8220;a cosa serve l&#8217;autista su un personal computer?&#8221;. Ma i driver non sono autisti, sono software sviluppati per permettere la comunicazione tra il sistema operativo e l&#8217;hardware collegato al computer.<br />
I driver vengono realizzati dai produttori dell&#8217;hardware stesso, che per questo li consegnano assieme al loro prodotto al momento dell&#8217;acquisto oppure li mettono a disposizione attraverso altri canali.<br />
Le ragioni per cui sono gli stessi produttori d&#8217;hardware a realizzare i driver sono presto dette: ogni hardware presenta delle differenze, i produttori conoscono queste differenze,  i produttori scrivono i driver per agganciare i loro prodotti ai sistemi operativi.<br />
Di fatto, quando vedete per esempio sulla confezione di una webcam l&#8217;icona &#8220;compatibile con Microsoft Windows&#8221; o meglio ancora  &#8220;Compatibile con Microsoft Vista&#8221; significa che solo per quel determinato sistema operativo sono forniti i driver.<br />
Questo non significa che la periferica non potrà in alcun modo funzionare su Linux o altri sistemi alternativi per questioni elettroniche o tecnologiche, significa semplicemente che il produttore fornisce i driver unicamente per un determinato insieme di sistemi operativi (talvolta per uno soltanto, indovinate quale&#8230;).<br />
Quindi ricapitolando il  problema non sono i driver, ma i produttori che non li forniscono, e secondo la mia modesta opinione esiste una connivenza tra i produttori ed il monopolista software.<br />
Taluni, a difesa dei produttori, sostengono che sia una pratica corretta non fornire tutti i driver poichè, vigendo di fatto il monopolio, per i produttori sarebbe un costo inutile/insostenibile supportare altri sistemi operativi. La verità è che lo sviluppo dei driver nell&#8217;economia di scala è un costo così ridicolo che potremmo definirlo insignificante.<br />
La verità risponde piuttosto ad un freddo ragionamento commerciale, sempre legato al monopolio.<br />
Propongo il mio assioma: il monopolista software divora divora risorse, cambia versione di frequente, non supporta periferiche vecchie -&gt; è indispensabile acquistare nuovo hardware più potente e/o compatibile con le nuove versioni -&gt; i produttori hardware vendono di più -&gt; i produttori hardware forniscono i driver solo per il monopolista software alimentando il suo monopolio. Il cerchio si chiude.<br />
Ad avallare quanto affermo, per la maggior parte dell&#8217;hardware ad uso server, che fa poco conto nell&#8217;economia di scala, esistono i driver per tutti i sistemi. Significa che i driver non sono un costo reale, nemmeno quando la &#8220;tiratura&#8221; di un prodotto è molto limitata.<br />
Per quanto riguarda il consumo di risorse, oppure le nuove versioni, vi siete mai chiesti perchè sono circa dieci anni che acquistiamo nuovi computer, con risorse e capacità che aumentano esponenzialmente di anno in anno, ma ci ritroviamo ancora un computer in difficoltà per aprire il software di video scrittura per eccellenza (non faccio nomi) che funzionava egualmente con più o meno le stesse funzioni su un computer di dieci-quindici anni orsono (tecnicamente almeno 100 volte meno potente)? Pensiamoci.</p>
<p>Lasciamo il piano commerciale e passiamo a quello tecnico.</p>
<p>La perfezione (almeno per quanto concerne il genere umano) non esiste, e sarebbe stupido sostenere il contrario.<br />
Ma di qui a non distinguere la differenza tra un colabrodo ed uno scafandro ce ne passa. Non dico per esempio che Linux è perfetto, ma dico che tra Windows e Linux la differenza è abissale sul piano tecnico e questo è per me innegabile.</p>
<p>La differenza è storica.</p>
<p>Linux e molti sistemi alternativi nascono sulla scia di <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix">Unix</a>, un sistema operativo multi-programmato e multi-utente, nato negli anni sessanta, si può dire assieme all&#8217;informatica. Venne poi sviluppato secondo criteri tecnici precisi all&#8217;interno dei laboratori Bell, poi all&#8217;interno delle università e del mondo scientifico.<br />
La storia di windows invece parte da MS-DOS, ossia da MS (Microsoft Software), e dall&#8217;acronimo DOS ovvero Disk Operating System (Sistema Operativo da Dischetto), nato nel 1980. Venne utilizzato dalla IBM per lanciare i primi personal computer. Aveva quindi bisogno di un sistema semplice che potesse stare in un dischetto.</p>
<p>Il risultato è un approccio diametralmente opposto e dei risultati inequivocabilmente differenti.<br />
Prendiamo per esempio i virus.<br />
E&#8217; vero che windows è più diffuso sui banali pc e quindi molti sostengono che sia per questo vittima degli attacchi informatici, ma è tanto più vero che altri sistemi (es. linux) sono utilizzati in contesti critici in rapporto anche maggiore rispetto a windows lato utente ma non per questo si riscontrano situazioni paragonabili.<br />
Citare la diffusione di un sistema come attenuante delle vulnerabilità fa parte delle scusanti classiche ma viene smentita dai fatti e va a braccetto con una mentalità che non approvo: la sconfitta è un eleganza per chi ama perdere in partenza.<br />
Non si può ridurre la sicurezza informatica a quale software è usato di più e quale di meno. Esistono software migliori e software peggiori. Così come succece per tutti gli altri prodotti dell&#8217;industria, dell&#8217;artigianato, dei servizi e dell&#8217;agricolutra.<br />
E&#8217; possibile che un produttore deleghi tutta la responsabilità agli utenti (compra antivirus, configura firewall, non navigare qui, non usare quello, ecc.)?<br />
Gli utenti usano la macchina per lavorare (o anche per svago) e lo strumento dev&#8217;essere semplice, sicuro e funzionale. Se dopo 1000 chilometri una concessionaria dicesse ai sui clienti: &#8220;eh&#8230; siete ignoranti perchè non avete controllato con il freno-pneumo-presso-scopio la cannula dell&#8217;aria del tubo frangi-olio nel catodo-refrangente e adesso dovrò formattare la panda a vostre spese, costerà 9.950€&#8221; cosa accadrebbe secondo voi?<br />
Non esiste bianco e nero, nessuno è perfetto, ma quando le differenze sono abissali, continuare a mettersi il salame negli occhi mi pare controproducente! Evviva il progresso! Mettiamoci un po&#8217; di energia <img src='http://s1.wp.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<title>Netgear Readynas Duo, NFS and Debian Sid: mount.nfs: Operation not permitted</title>
		<link>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/01/17/netgear-readynas-duo-nfs-and-debian-sid-mount-nfs-operation-not-permitted/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.sviluppoweb.eu/2010/01/17/netgear-readynas-duo-nfs-and-debian-sid-mount-nfs-operation-not-permitted/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 Jan 2010 13:04:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Giulio Turetta</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opensource]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debian sid]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mount.nfs: Operation not permitted]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[netgear readynas duo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nfs]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[nfs mount problem with ready nas duo and debian sid: mount.nfs: Operation not permitted<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=blog.sviluppoweb.eu&amp;blog=998095&amp;post=180&amp;subd=sviluppoweb&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://sviluppoweb.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/01425sz1i18236100.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-182 alignright" title="ReadyNAS Duo mount.nfs: Operation not permitted" src="http://sviluppoweb.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/01425sz1i18236100.jpg?w=300&#038;h=199" alt="ReadyNAS Duo mount.nfs: Operation not permitted" width="300" height="199" /></a><br />
Today I spend some time to mount one folder on Readynas Duo with NFS. All goes right from server (Debian Lenny) but i can&#8217;t mount NFS partitions from my pc (Debian Sid).</p>
<p>Error was &#8220;mount.nfs: Operation not permitted &#8220;.</p>
<p>Ok, I check my mount options</p>
<pre style="overflow:auto;">
#cat /etc/fstab &lt;ipaddress&gt;:/c/folder  /mnt/folder nfs rw,user,noauto 0       0
</pre>
<p>Fstab is ok but problem persists.</p>
<p>Request mount to be verbose (from my pc &#8211; debian sid)</p>
<pre style="overflow:auto;">
&lt;myhost&gt;:/home/giulio# mount -v /mnt/folder
mount.nfs: timeout set for Sun Jan 17 13:34:47 2010
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'addr=&lt;readynas-ip-address&gt;,vers=4,clientaddr=&lt;my-pc-address&gt;'
mount.nfs: mount(2): Operation not permitted
mount.nfs: Operation not permitted
</pre>
<p>Request mount to be verbose (from my server &#8211; debian lenny)</p>
<pre style="overflow:auto;">
mount.nfs: trying &lt;readynas-ip-address&gt; prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: trying &lt;readynas-ip-address&gt; prog 100005 vers 3 prot UDP port 3078
&lt;readynas-ip-address&gt;:/c/folder on /mnt/folder type nfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,noauto,user)
</pre>
<p>Wow, ok, there is a difference.</p>
<p>My pc try to mount nfs with version 4, my server doesn&#8217;t use v4,  but it uses v3!</p>
<p>What is strange?<br />
I&#8217;ve read a lot of tutorial/faq but my problem remains. So I read man pages but this is what I find, for example in man mount.nfs&#8230;</p>
<blockquote><p>
mount.<strong>nfs</strong> is meant to be used by the mount(8) command for mounting NFS shares. This subcommand, however, can also be used as a standalone command<br />
with limited functionality.</p>
<p>mount.<strong>nfs4</strong> is used for mounting NFSv4 file system, <em>while mount.nfs is used to mount NFS file systems versions 3 or 2</em>.  remotetarget is  a  server<br />
share usually in the form of servername:/path/to/share.  dir is the directory on which the file system is to be mounted.
</p></blockquote>
<p>It seems to be false. On my pc I use mount.nfs and always mount tries with nfs4.</p>
<p>Ok, let&#8217;s go to solution..</p>
<p>You can force the NFS version to use with nfsvers=3.</p>
<p>So I change my /etc/fstab like this:</p>
<pre style="overflow:auto;">
&lt;readynas-ip-address&gt;:/c/folder /mnt/folder nfs rw,user,noauto,nfsvers=3  0       0
</pre>
<p>Now mount uses the right version and all goes well.</p>
<p>Bye!</p>
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